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Touring Europe in a motorhome

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Albania
British Citizens can visit Albania for 90 days in a six month period without a visa. Albania is currently applying to become a member of the EU. According to the Albanian Border and Migration Police 73,928 British Citizens visited Albania between June 2010 and June 2011. Few visitors reported problems and only 15 British nationals required consular assistance.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Albania (free wild camping)
There is one Dutch run campsite in Albania, www.camping-albania.eu, which is open all year. In addition there are 19 campsites listed on http://en.camping.info/albania/campsites but some are simply listings with no information. Restaurants are likely to allow motorhomes and campervans to stay overnight in their car parks in return for patronage. Credit cards are not widely accepted so ensure you can pay for your overnight stay in cash. The foreign office advises to only drink bottled water and UHT milk in Albania.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Albania
Before you drive your motorhome or campervan to Albania contact the Albanian Embassy in London to check the required paperwork for entry into Albania. There is no charge for taking motorhomes or campervans into Albania, but a €2 per day charge is payable upon exiting Albania. Albanian driving can be erratic and Albania has one of the highest fatality rates in Europe from road traffic accidents. Drive your motorhome or campervan defensively and try to complete your journey in daylight. Albania roads are being improved and new motorways are being built. Expect to come across deep unmarked potholes on old roads. Albania has no national recovery service and your European motorhome or campervan recovery is unlikely to extend to Albania. The Foreign Office website warns that foreign licensed vehicles are often scrutinised by the Road Traffic Police, who may issue a fine if defects found. LPG is available from some main route fuel stations but it is best to arrive in Albania with full gas cylinders and fill up refillable gas bottles when you see it. Fuel stations may accept Euros.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Andorra
Andorra is a small principality located high in the Pyrenees Mountains between France and Spain. Tens of thousands of skiers visit the tiny principality during winter. During the summer, the mountains are popular with walkers and mountain bikers. Andorra is not part of the EU, but has a special relationship, and has adopted a lot of EU legislation. The euro is the official currency and your euro can go up in smoke if you buy the cheap locally grown tobacco. Andorra has two border posts, one with France, and one with Spain, both are open 24/7. Goods purchased in Andorra, for example tobacco, are class being imported into the EU (France and Spain) so check the limits at the border when you enter. At the time of writing, the tobacco allowance was 300 cigarettes or 400g of tobacco or 150 cigars under 3g each or 75 cigars over 3g each.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Andorra (free wild camping)
Andorra has 11 campsites and camping areas, some are open all year. The campsites located near the main tourist resorts are busy and expensive. There are no Motorhome Stopovers in Andorra and Offsite-Parking is prohibited. Motorhomers often park overnight in the car parks on the French or Spanish borders and simply visit for the day.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Andorra
The main route through Andorra takes you along a tight and congested valley. You can avoid the steep and twisty roads by paying to use the tunnels. Andorra la Vella, the only town, has no allocated motorhome parking and the officious traffic wardens will direct you to the campsite, even if you want to park for an hour. To avoid this park where you see other motorhomes parked. Road information is available at www.mobilitat.ad Fuel in Andorra is approximately €0.10 per litre less than in Spain and €0.20 less than in France. LPG autogas is not available in Andorra.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Austria
Austria is a landlocked, predominantly alpine country, making it the perfect destination for a mountain holiday. Ski Amade is one of the world’s largest ski resorts, but there is more to the mountains than snow. Walkers and mountain bikers can follow the organised trails and tired muscles can be relaxed in warm thermal waters at the end of an exhilarating day. Spa holidays are big business in Austria so keep an eye out for ‘Wellness Centres’ if you want pamper yourself. Active visitors should consider joining the UK branch of the Austrian Alpine Club for mountain rescue, contact: (www.aacuk.org.uk, Tel: 01707 386740). This club also sells 1:25,000 scale maps.

Campsites, Motorhome Stoppovers and Offsite-Parking in Austria (free wild camping)
Austria has approximately 500 campsites and 200 Motorhome Stopovers, known as wohnmobil stellplatze in Austria. Many of the campsites and stopovers are open all year. Farms and restaurants provide the majority of the Motorhome Stopovers, except the 42 stellplätze that are similar to the Aires in France. Campsites and Motorhome Stopovers located in the ski resorts are detailed in All the Aires Mountains and 160 Austrian stellplätze are detailed in the German produced Reise Mobil Bord Atlas, both are available from Vicarious Books. The tourist office produces a fantastic leaflet called Camping and Caravanning, this has a detailed road map on one side and campsite information on the other. This also states ‘Except in Vienna and protected rural areas visitors are permitted to sleep in camping vehicles outside camping sites. But local restrictions can apply, and campers are not allowed to set up camping equipment beside their vehicle’.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Austria
Despite mountains making up over half of Austria’s landmass, it is easy to drive a motorhome or campervan around because there are no high passes to go over and good motorways crisscross the country. The tourist board produce a booklet called ‘Round Trip’ that details driving routes, includes a map and suggests places to visit.

Road tax is applicable on all Austrian motorways and expressways. Motorised vehicles, including motorhomes or campervans, with a maximum laden weight of 3500kg must display a Vignette (toll sticker) to prove the tax is paid. Vignettes are available at borders and most fuel stations. The sticker costs in 2011 were €7.90 for 10 days and €22.90 for 2 months. Motorcycles are charged at half rate and trailers, including caravans, are free. Dates are printed around the edge of the stickers and issuing staff will punch them to identify the start date, but this does not have to be the date of purchase. The sticker must be adhered to the inside of the windscreen either under the mirror or the top left hand side below any tinting. Get this right first time as self-destruction is built in upon removal. This is a simple system and compared to French tolls is very inexpensive. Cameras automatically check for Vignettes and police checks are made on the routes into Austria, especially during weekends, non display attracts a €120 on the spot fine.

Motorhomes or campervans exceeding 3.5t must be fitted (velcroed to the windscreen) with a ‘GO-Box’. This box records the distance travelled on taxable roads and you are charged accordingly. GO-Boxes are programmed for each individual vehicle and the Euro rating of the engine is taken into consideration. Your vehicle documents will be required or you can complete the form in advance at http://www.go-maut.at/go/ The 2011 price per kilometre for Category 2 (vehicles with two axles) with a Euro 3 engine was €0.178/km (excl. 20% VAT). Category 3 [vehicles with three axles (trailers behind motorhomes are free)]: was €0.2492/km (excl. 20% VAT). Motorhomes with Euro 4 and Euro 5 engines are charged less per kilometre accordingly.

Further information about driving in Austria can be found at www.austria.info Winter tyres are mandatory between November 1st and 15 April 15th. LPG is available at 20 fuel stations, visit www.fluessiggas.net/tankstellen.php for details. Beware that Erdgas is natural gas, not LPG.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Belarus
Visas must be obtained before entering Belarus. Visas are not available at the border. More information on visa requirements is available at www.mfa.gov.by/en/visa/. Travellers must register with Belarus authorities (OVIR) if you intend to stay for more than five days. If you are not staying in a hotel this is your responsibility. Tourist information is available at http://eng.belarustourism.by.

Campsites, Motorhome Stoppovers and Offsite-Parking in Belarus (free wild camping)
There may be campsites in Belarus in the grounds of motels/hotels. Otherwise asking hotels/restaurants if you can park in their car park in exchange for patronage is worth a try. There are no Motorhome Stopovers in Belarus.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Belarus
A fee, varying from €20-€155, is charged against each vehicle entering Belarus. Third party insurance is required in Belarus and can be purchased at the border; this may be required even if you have obtained insurance from your UK motorhome or campervan insurance provider. There is a toll to use the E30 motorway; charges range from €2-€20 depending on the vehicle. Belarus Roads are of reasonable condition, but minor roads are often poor. Avoid night driving. Comprehensive details about driving in Belarus are provided at http://www.bairc.org/engver/terms_e

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Belgium
Belgium is a country of two halves, two identities and two distinct topographies. The northern half of the country is known as Flanders, Flemish is spoken, and there is strong Dutch influence. Flanders has the countries quota of coastline (65km) otherwise the landscape is flat and cycle lanes go everywhere. The dividing line cuts across Belgium south of Brussels. The south, known as Wallonia, has forested hills and small villages that would not look out of place in France. French is widely spoken and the French influence is obvious.

Belgium’s key attractions are Bruges (Brugge), Beer and Belgian chocolate. The good news is that Bruges has plenty of beer and chocolate. The even better news is, Belgium beer is as good as it gets. There is a mindboggling display of chocolate at Praline Paleis chocolate shop located just over the French Belgian border towards Poperinge, N50°49.168’ E002°40.692’. This excellent shop is adjacent to the main road and has parking outside. Not only is this shop conveniently located the owners speak English. Open 10am to 5pm except Wednesdays. Visit www.pralinepaleis.be

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Belgium (free wild camping)
Belgium is a one hour drive from Calais making it a great place to visit for a long weekend and there are 800 campsites to choose from if you simply want to relax. 250 Wallonian campsites are listed on www.campingbelgique.be Belgium has approximately 50 Motorhome Stopovers mostly conveniently located in towns. Only one third has Service Points and most with facilities charge, either just for using the Service Point or for the parking. Coastal Motorhome Stopovers are popular, whereas inland they are quiet and often underused. All the Aires Benelux and Scandinavia details Aires in Belgium. Ars Vivendi is a farm and brewery stopovers scheme. Annual membership allows motorhomers to stop overnight in the grounds of abbeys and farms alike. Both guides are available from www.vicarious-shop.com, Tel: 0131 208 3333. Offsite-Parking is tolerated in Wallonia except along the coast and in forests otherwise there are countless suitable car parks. Offsite overnight parking is not permitted anywhere in Flanders.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Belgium
Belgium has cheaper fuel than France, Germany and The Netherlands and there are no road tolls. Belgium famously illuminated the entire motorway network, but to save energy these lights are being switched off and removed. Perhaps these savings have been spent improving the main roads and motorways because they have greatly improved the past two years. Previously they were often diabolical but the domestic roads are often still uneven resulting in slow driving speeds.
Cyclists are more common than streetlights in the northern half of the country and two-wheeled road users always claim priority, even when they don’t have it, so expect them to pull out on you. Drivers of four wheeled vehicles are little better, best described as selfish. ‘Priority to the Right’ is often expected even when it does not exist. Expect vehicles to enter roundabouts at great speed even if there is insufficient space to do so safely. Traffic congestion around Antwerp and Brussels can add hours to a journey and the lack of motorhome facilities at these towns reinforces the point that they should be avoided.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Bosnia Herzegovina
Bosnia Herzegovina has applied for EU status and no visas are required for EU citizens or citizens from America or Canada. Landmines are still a risk in remote rural areas and walkers are advised to take a local guide. Tourist information can be obtained from www.bhtourism.ba

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Bosnia Herzegovina (free wild camping)
There are 25 campsites listed in the tourist board produced camping guide listed on www.bhtourism.ba/ Campsites2010.pdf. Some campsites are aimed at tent campers or consist of static huts. If no campsite is available it may be possible to stay in the car park of a restaurant in return for patronage.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Bosnia Herzegovina
There are no toll roads in Bosnia Herzegovina and a good map is advised and road signs in the Republic of Srpska are in Cyrillic. Motorhomes require an 80kph sticker to be fixed to the rear. Police road checks and bribes are common. Ensure your insurance provider can supply a green card. Dipped headlights should be used at all times and winter tyres are required between 15 November and 15 April, at set of snow chains should be carried at all other times.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Bulgaria
Bulgaria is not known as a motorhome or caravan destination and the few that make it there are normally en-route elsewhere. Rather than rush through Bulgaria make time to visit the Rila monastery, drive through the Valley of the Roses and drink the local brandy, it’s very good. The Black Sea resort is steadily developing, although out of season it will be quiet and offers some informal opportunities. Skiing from a motorhome is possible in Bulgaria but is not really viable due to the extremely cold temperatures and lack of open campsites.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Bulgaria (free wild camping)
55 campsites are listed on www.campingo.com and 130 are listed on www.camping.bg Bulgarians on camping holidays normally sleep in tents or hire a wooden hut, consequentially some sites are unsuitable for motorhomes. There are no Motorhome Stopovers in Bulgaria and during winter stopping at TIR truck parking areas may be your only option, you will be charged nominal amount to park overnight. Offsite-Parking is illegal, but out of season you are unlikely to be disturbed in town squares or car parks.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Bulgaria
The main route through to Greece was vastly improved for the Athens Olympics so if determined you can drive through Bulgaria in a day. The road was not surfaced in built up areas and it is necessary to slow down because of the uneven surface. The route to Turkey is well used by truckers and in reasonable condition. On minor routes the roads are axle breaking and in really rural areas are simply mud tracks. In built up areas roads can be very narrow and power lines can be low. Expect to share the road with transportation pulled by animals. Dipped headlights are compulsory from the 1st November through to the 31st of March.

Visiting motorhomes or campervans must display a local road tax sticker (vignette) that is stuck to the windscreen. You can purchase weekly, monthly or yearly vignettes from petrol stations and border posts. LPG is widely available at fuel stations across Bulgaria.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Croatia
Believed to be one of the most unspoilt countries in the Mediterranean, tourist information can be found at www.croatia.hr. Croatia is currently applying for EU membership and they are expected to join the EU in 2013. Until Croatia joins the EU British nationals do not need a visa to enter Croatia for up to 90 days as a tourist.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Croatia (free wild camping)
There are 526 campsites, over 100 having 1,000 pitches or more, and most campsites are open from the beginning of April to mid October, with a few open all year. The Camping and Caravanning Guide available from the tourist office gives an overall view of what to expect and contains details of 131 large campsites and lists 365 mini camps with 30 pitches maximum. There are 17 naturist beaches and 12 naturist sites. Further naturist information is available in the tourist office publication Naturist Campsite Catalogue.

The Croatian guide to Camping and Caravanning states ‘any form of camping in free areas outside registered camping sites, or parking areas for caravans and motorised campers is forbidden and is punishable by law.’

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Croatia
The Croatian Tourist Map, available from the tourist office, one side of it details tourist information the other details roads, including town maps and campsite identification. Road conditions in and around large towns are generally good. Dipped headlights must be used at all times. If you have an accident this must be reported to the police and the police can provide a certificate of damage which will be required at the border. LPG is occasionally available at fuel stations.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in The Republic of Cyprus
The Republic of Cyprus occupies the southern half of the Mediterranean island of Cyprus. The north of the island is controlled by Turkey and a border with checkpoints is maintained. Visitors may cross the border but should appreciate that this is a complicated situation, and both sides hold strong views. The Republic of Cyprus is not a Greek island but a country in its own right. The euro is the official currency and The Republic of Cyprus a member of the EU. Vehicles drive on the left, a reminder that Cyprus was once under British control. Idyllic as Cyprus sounds it is not an ideal motorhoming country. The island is small and there are very few campsites. There is no direct ferry from Greece, or any other EU country. Ferries depart from Mersin in southern Turkey and dock at Famagusta in northern Cyprus. Summer ferries depart from Alanya, Antalya and Anamur in Turkey and dock at Kyrenia in Northern Cyprus. Ferry crossings take five hours and there is plenty of paperwork to complete before and after the crossing. Visit www.visitcyprus.com for tourist information.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Czech Republic
The landlocked Czech Republic has been described as the crossroads of Europe and its lands bear witness to many episodes of European history. The country is rich in historic sites and offers plenty of opportunities for outside activities. Prague is renowned for being one of the most beautiful cities in Europe and visitors come all year round despite cold winters. Be aware that pick pocketing is a significant problem in Prague. Beer drinkers won’t be disappointed, as ‘Bud’ and ‘Pils’ Czech brand names.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in the Czech Republic(free wild camping)
The Czech Republic has over 560 campsites, a downloadable and searchable campsite guide is available at www.camp.cz There are no Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking is illegal.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in the Czech Republic
Dipped headlights are compulsory during daylight hours and on the spot fines can be issued for non-compliance of this and other traffic offences.

Vehicle related accidents must be reported to the police in the following circumstances: Any person is injured or killed. When the visible damage has a greater value than CZK 100,000. If third party property or street furniture is damaged, or the road is obstructed. In any of these situations, obtain a copy of the police report, as it may be required at the border when you leave the country. Upon entry into the Czech Republic, notify Border officials of any visible damage to the exterior of your vehicle to. If your vehicle is involved in an accident and the visible damage has a lower value than CZK 100,000 and the participants can agree who is responsible, the accident must be recorded on a European Accident Statement. This statement is used to report the accident to the insurance companies.

The Czech Republic operates a similar motorway tax system to Austria. A sticker (vignette) must be displayed on motorhomers or campervans with a MAM up to 3500kg, trailers are not taxed. Vignettes valid for 10 days, one month or one year can be purchased at borders, fuel stations and post offices. Motorhomes or campervans weighing over 3500kg will be monitored by an electronic premid toll box. Visitors will have to load credit onto the premid unit. Charges are variable depending on the number of axles and the emissions category of the engine and day of the week, more information is at www.premid.cz

LPG is widely available in the Czech Republic.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Denmark
Denmark is the smallest and most southerly of the four Scandinavian countries. There are numerous small islands to explore as well as the three main parts. Jutland borders Germany and has the best sandy beaches in Denmark. They are large and when the tide is out day parking is allowed. Follow the E20 East and you will drive over the 1km long bridge that connects Jutland to Funen island. Keep heading east on the E20 and you drive over the 17km bridge to Zealand island, home to the capital city Copenhagen which must be the best capital in Europe to cycle around. Denmark is a great cycling country because there are few hills and the pretty countryside is crisscrossed by quiet country lanes. So get on your bike and use some of the many cycle routes to get around.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Denmark (free wild camping)
Denmark has over 500 campsites and 190 offer ‘Quick Stop’ camping at a reduced rate if you arrive 8pm and depart before 10am. 109 campsites are open all year. See www.dk-camp.dk for more information. Receptionists will ask you for a Camping Card International or a Camping Card Scandinavia, which can be purchased at Danish campsites. Naturist campsites are detailed on www.dansknaturistunion.dk Danish Motorhome Stopovers are predominantly located at farms or gardens and have a similar feel to the Certified Locations/Sites in the UK. Some marinas offer overnight motorhome parking and some motorway service areas have motorhome Service Points. The Danish motorhome club (DACF) produces Nordic Camper this is the most comprehensive Scandinavian Motorhome Stopovers guidebook available. Vicarious Books stock the guidebook and there is an online version at www.stellplatz-danmark.dk. Danish authorities tolerate Offsite-Parking but it is not encouraged. Many of the car parks at popular attractions have “no motor home overnight” signs or time limit signs.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Denmark
The roads and landscape of Denmark is similar to the United Kingdom. Obtain the fold out map titled ‘Denmark Tourist Information’ from the Danish tourist office. The map details driving tours and the brochure ‘Camping and Caravanning in Denmark’ lists campsites. Tolls are charged on the bridges between the islands. Øresund Bridge, motorhomes or campervans up to 6m are charged at car rate (€20) and motorhomes longer than 6m or heaver than 3,500kg are charged twice as much. Storebealt toll charges are based on height and length, including tow-bars, projecting loads, and trailers. Motorhomes up to 6m - max 3,500kg = €31, over 6m - max 3,500kg = €47, over 3,500 kg - under 10m = €92 and over 3,500 kg - over 10m = €146. Visit www.storebaelt.dk and www.oresundsbron.com Most fuel stations have automatic machines that only take cash, notes up to 200DKK can be used, but no change is given. Prices can vary by 10 per cent from station to station. LPG is not widely available. Search ‘LPG’ on www.visitdenmark.com for a list of 13 fuel stations selling LPG and http://www.eof.dk lists six Unox LPG outlets.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in The Faroe Islands
The Faroe Islands are a self governing region within the Kingdom of Denmark. Their relationship is similar to those the United Kingdom has with the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man. The Faroe Islands are not part of the EU despite being located between the Shetland Islands and Iceland. There are 16 campsites on the Islands, some can only take tents. There are no Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking is banned, The Faroe Island Tourist Guide states ‘...it is not permitted to stay overnight in your camping cars [motorhomes] along the road, at rest stops, lay-bys or view areas.’ Tourist Information is available at www.faroeislands.com and www.visitfaroeislands.com

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Estonia
Estonia is a low-lying country with 3,780km of coastline making it a good cycling and potentially beachside location. The capital city Tallinn has a beautifully preserved old town with plenty of places party. Helsinki is just 80km across the water so Tallinn is a good place to catch ferry to Finland. Due to Estonia’s geographical position, it is best to visit from late spring and summer.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Estonia (free wild camping)
Estonia has 300 campsites www.tourism.ee lists 130 campsites and www.camping-estonia.ee details 18. Estonian campsites traditionally accommodated tents but increasing numbers of caravan and motorhome visitors is encouraging some campsite owners to upgrade their facilities. There are no municipally provided Motorhome Stopovers but you may be allowed to park overnight in bar and restaurant car parks. Offsite-Parking is illegal but may be tolerated.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Estonia
Dipped headlights are compulsory during daylight hours. The roads are good and the traffic is light. There are no toll roads. Estonian winters are cold enough for the Baltic Sea to freeze along its coast, which in turn becomes Europe’s longest ice road across to Rohukula and Hiiumaa islands. If you think that driving on ice sounds like fun you must have a vehicle weighing less than 2500kg. Elsewhere winter tyres are obligatory from October to April. More information about Estonian roads is available at www.mnt.ee There are a few LPG gas stations listed on www.autogaasservis.ee and 10 GPL autogas stations are listed on http://www.propaan.ee/est/autogas/19/

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Finland
Finland is often overlooked by motorhomes on the Scandinavian tour. Southern and central Finland is bejewelled with natural lakes that are ideal for swimming, fishing and boating. The further north you travel the more the wilderness dominates, this is especially true along the Russian Border and above the Arctic Circle. Finland employs border guards to maintain the Schengen zone along the Russian border. You may come across patrols when you drive, cycle, or walk close to the border and they will politely ask you for your identification. For more information visit www.raja.fi or pick up ‘The Border Guard’ leaflet from a tourist office.

Santa Clause is real! If you do not believe us, you can meet him in person at Santa’s grotto, which straddles the E75 7km north of Rovaniemi. Santa is available for a free consultation all year round and you can impress your mates by sending them a postcard stamped in Santa’s own post office. Further information www.santaclausvillage.co.uk

Mosquitoes lay their eggs in still water and that is one thing Finland has a lot off. Consequently mosquitoes will accompany you as you travel and boy do they have an attitude problem. They do not carry disease but it takes strong repellent and head nets to keep them at bay. When you accept that this is part of the experience you will be able to make the most of this diverse country.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Finland (free wild camping)
Finland has approximately 300 campsites. 150 campsites are listed on www.camping.fi and an English and German download is available. Motorhome Service Points are rare in Finland as a result it is common Finish practice to dispose of toilet waste and wastewater down earth closet toilets. These glorified holes in the ground are located throughout the country. Toilet chemicals are potentially harmful to the environment and as a responsible tourist you have two choices, either put up with the smell or fit a SOG extractor; see page 85 for details.

Water is available at fuel stations and should be obtained when filling up with fuel. These water points are uncommon in the north compared to the south. All the Aires Benelux and Scandinavia, published by Vicarious Books, lists 43 places for motorhomes to park or collect water. Also see Denmark for details about the Nordic Camper guidebook. Offsite-Parking is tolerated due to the “Every Man’s Right”; see page 196 for a full explanation.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Finland
Only the main roads are sealed in northern Finland, though the compacted gravel roads are generally in good condition and can provide better Offsite-Parking opportunities. These gravel roads may not be obvious on your map but do generally go somewhere. Motorhomes or campervans must drive with dipped headlights during daylight hours. From October to May roads can be closed due to snow, so it is worth investigating road conditions before travelling. Visit www.tiehallinto.fi for information about Finish roads. Please read about elk and reindeer in the Norway section. Winter tyres are compulsory from 1st of December until the 28th of February. There are no toll roads and no LPG stations in Finland.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in France
France has something for everyone from lavender days in Provence, to awesome alpine activities, and Mediterranean meanders. During the Tour de France, it appears that every motorhome (Camping Car in French) in France is lining the mountain stages. There are annual race stages through the Pyrenees and Alps, but the route changes every year. You can check the stages online at www.letour.fr

Campsites, Motorhome Stoppovers and Offsite-Parking in France (free wild camping)
France has a mind boggling 10,400 campsites that range from tiny summer-only camping areas to large family fun parks. The star rating system applied to French campsites is inconsistent, therefore we recommend that you walk around the campsite and check the facilities before you book in. French campsites are generally well signed from the nearest town or village, so you will not need directions to find them. Pleasant municipally run campsites are found all over France. Often they are located in small villages and normally alongside a river if there is one. The pitch fees are low and the facilities basic, but the campsites normally have a comfortable ambiance. Small rural campsites, with less than 25 pitches, are identified as Aire Natural in French. These small sites are often very basic but have a great appeal. Camping on farms is available through the Bienvenue à la ferme scheme, see www.bienvenue-a-la-ferme.com for details. Site entrances are clearly marked with the schemes yellow flower symbol. Les Castels is an organisation that promotes 40 campsites that are located in Chateaux grounds, see www.les-castels.co.uk . A good selection of campsites is provided at www.campingfrance.com. Le Guide Officiel Camping Caravaning lists 10,340 French campsites, including all the municipal and small campsites. The guide is written in French, but has an English key and is easy to use. Vicarious Books stocks this guide and it is available to buy in large French supermarkets from April but may not be restocked once sold out.

France has 2,200 Motorhome Stopovers called ‘Aires de service’, or Aires for short. These are detailed in All the Aires France, published by Vicarious Books, this is the only French Aires guide written in English and all 2100 Aires listed have been inspected and photographed. Le Guide National des Aires de Services and Le Guide Official Aires de Services are produced by rival French motorhome magazines. The Aires are not inspected and few have photographs. The French language Aires guides are on sale in large French supermarkets from April but may not be restocked once sold out. France Passion members can stop overnight for free in their motorhomes at farms and vineyards all over France. Membership runs from Easter to Easter and is gained by buying the current guidebook. Host establishments vary considerably so it is a good idea to check out two or three before deciding where to stop. This scheme gives you a unique insight into French culture and the hosts are likely to show you how the goods are produced and grown, even if language prevents conversation. The biggest complaint about the scheme is that no GPS co-ordinates are provided making remote host sits difficult to find. All the guides mentioned above are available from Vicarious Books. Offsite-Parking is possible in France as long as it is undertaken in accordance with the traffic and parking laws.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in France
Compared to the UK, France has twice the landmass, but has a similar number of residents. Consequently traffic is light outside of major urban areas and there would be even less if all the motorways were free. French toll motorways are correctly named Autoroute but are normally signed and referred to as péage, which translates to toll in English. These well-maintained motorways are quick and quiet but expensive and for that reason, most truck and domestic drivers use the non-toll main roads called route nationale. Driving on French Autoroutes is mind numbingly boring and it is hard to resist driving at high speeds, just to get it over with. Modern panel vans can easily drive at the 130kmh (80mph) upper speed limit and so can motorhomes if you are willing to accept the dramatically increased fuel consumption. Fuel at Autoroute service areas is 10-20 cents per litre more than from supermarkets. Just in case you are only reading this section, for safety reasons never park overnight in a motorhome or campervan at an Autoroute service or rest areas and maintain vigilance when you use them at any time of day. For further information about Autoroutes visit www.autoroutes.fr

The route nationales are often marked red on road maps. These routes take the majority of the traffic including trucks that maintain a speed of 90kmh (56mph) whenever possible. Overtaking or being overtaken by trucks is very dangerous and because there are insufficient passing places drivers take extraordinary risks. Speeding is normal on the open road, but the 50kph (31mph) speed limit is observed in areas of habitation. In order to reduce accidents and speeding more speed cameras are being installed, often they are not signed and may not be marked on maps. Mobile speed cameras and road checks are common at town and village boundaries. Bypasses are infrequent in France so the main routes pass through towns and villages. The majority of these, main road, built up areas have a depressing look due to the grey film from pollution that coats the buildings. When driving past shops, be prepared for other drivers making emergency bread stops as they realise they just passed a bakery. The nicest roads to drive are the lesser roads, marked yellow on Michelin France road atlases. These minor routes tend to accommodate local traffic only. They pass through the pretty landscapes and interesting villages, where you will be able to stop without disturbance.

The French driving style is consistent across the country. Mostly drivers are calm and unrushed in towns and villages, but they turn in speed freaks on open roads. Unfortunately, French drivers seem to lack forethought and appear to be unable to assess how their actions will affect other road users. Head-on collisions, on perfectly straight roads, are common in France. Drivers often maintain their speed even if there is an obstruction on the road or their vehicle is sufficiently wide to overhang the white line. On narrow lanes, be prepared to pull off the road, avoiding any ditches, to allow oncoming vehicles to pass.

Priorité à Droite (priority to the right) is a tourist’s worst nightmare. Thankfully it has been removed in most towns and villages, but unfortunately you are likely to find yourself in a situation where you have no idea who has priority. What makes this inconstancy so dangerous is that some minor roads have priority over the main route and the local drivers will join the main route at speed. You should avoid giving way to vehicles on the right when it is not appropriate as doing so will cause all sorts of confusion, instead drive as if priority to the right exists and look for road markings and signs that prove otherwise. Some villages and towns have ‘Priorité à Droite’ signs written at the boundaries, but normally a sign displaying a yellow diamond indicates that there is no priority to the right. The priority is cancelled as you exit the village and the signs display a yellow diamond struck through with a black diagonal line. Apparently, some villages are incapable of commitment and have removed all the road markings! At junctions where the priority is unclear, proceed confidently but keep an eye on every direction, French drivers are very cautious at junctions and will willingly give-way.

Roundabouts are a relatively new addition to French roads and help with priority issues. Most roundabouts flow the same as the UK, which may be indicated by signs saying 'Vous n'avez pas la priorité' or 'Cédez le passage'. Occasionally, in towns and villages, the priority on a roundabout will be to the right, this is of course ludicrous but no worse than putting traffic lights on roundabouts like they do in the UK.

Traffic lights go from red to green skipping amber when releasing traffic. Light changes tend to be a long time apart. Crossroads controlled by traffic lights may be left on flashing amber lights outside of rush hour, this indicates that you can proceed with caution; the problem is no one knows who has priority.

Roads are commonly marked with temporary ‘Route Barrée’ signs (road closed) during road works or when markets are blocking the road. A deviation route is not always provided. Traffic calming chicanes and road humps are very common in towns and villages and their design ensures that you have to drive slowly over or around them to prevent damaging your vehicle.

When driving along narrow mountain lanes it is French driving etiquette to give-way to traffic travelling uphill, this includes pulling over and reversing if necessary. The French highway-code requires the sounding of horns on twisting roads with reduced visibility. The Michelin France Tourist and Motoring Atlas highlights difficult or dangerous sections of roads. Less confident motorhome drivers should avoid these routes. High passes may be closed during winter and spring due to snow, drifts, or wind. Never drive along roads signed ‘Route Barrée’ or ‘Fermé’ or open gates used to close off mountain roads.

LPG autogas availability varies from region to region but is available across the whole country, especially on the Autoroutes. LPG autogas stations are listed in the rear of All the Aires France and can be found online at http://stations.gpl.online.fr/appli/index.php and www.jerouleaugpl.com/installateurs.php lists Total fuel stations with LPG.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Germany
Germany has it all; bountiful beer, amazing architecture, stunning scenery and toll free roads. History vultures will be flying high at Hitler’s Eagle’s Nest. Bavaria has some pivotal pilgrimage sites including the Wieskirche and octagonal Chapel of Grace with its Black Madonna. Hopeless romantics may wish to start or end their scenic drive along ‘Romantische Strasse’ taking in elaborate country houses and castles along the way. The Romantic Road is Germany’s most popular tourist route and runs from Fussen in southern Bavaria, 340km north to Wurzburg. Wine not meander alongside the Mösel or Rhine and marvel at the seemingly endless vineyards. Motorhome tourists are well catered for and can stop at any of the frequent stellplätze along all three routes. Getting around by foot and bicycle could not be easier as the busses and ferries can transport you and your bike.

Germany is crisscrossed by 7000km of clearly signed cycle routes and there are plenty of marked walking trails as well. Germany’s ski resorts are a well-kept secret, having chosen to keep them low-key, family-friendly and affordable. Cash is king in Germany and very few places take credit or debit cards; consequently you will have to make regular visits to cash machines.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Germany (free wild camping)
Germany has 3500 campsites that cater for all desires and budgets. The German Tourist Board produced guidebook, Campsites in Germany is written in English and lists 1000 campsites. Motorhome Stopovers are called Wohnmobil stellplätze in Germany and there are over 2,000 to choose from. German motorhomers are happy to pay for electric; as a result plenty of stellplätze offer hook-up. Often there will be meter controlled hook-up bollards distributing electricity either by kilowatts used or duration, commonly €2 for 12 hours. German stellplätze are the best kept Motorhome Stopovers in Europe making Germany a joy to visit. There are several important road signs to watch out for. ‘Nur Fur’ means ‘only for’, ‘Nur Von’ means ‘only from’ whilst ‘Frei’ means ‘entry allowed’ it does not mean free. The publication Bord Atlas by Reise Mobil, lists 2010 Motorhome Stopovers and 1187 farm and vineyard stops located in Germany. This comes as a pack of two guidebooks and is available from German bookshops and newsagents. All the Aires Mountains lists Aires in Bravaria. All the above books are available from Vicarious Books www.vicarious-books.co.uk Tel: 0131 208 3333. Offsite-parking is possible in Germany as long as it is undertaken in accordance with the traffic and parking laws.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Germany
Germany is a good driving country with only a few things to note. German driving tests are the most comprehensive in Europe and the driving style reflects this. Motorways ‘Autobahn’ across Germany are toll-free and frequently have only two lanes, despite this there will be very fast cars on them. Some motorways have no speed limit, except during bad weather conditions when speed limits are indicated on overhead gantries. Motorhomes or campervans over 3500kg are frequently restricted to the inside lane so look out for signs if you are affected. Do not ‘middle lane’ on German motorways because it is very dangerous, and you are likely to be chastised. Before overtaking take a good look in your mirrors, then if no speeding cars can be seen, indicate and overtake without delay. Motorway exits are signposted as ‘Ausfahrt’. Be aware that very short slip lanes followed by unbelievable steep bends are common. Cyclists often have priority at traffic lights, be vigilant when turning right in towns and be prepared to stop. Winter tyres are compulsory in Germany during snow or icy conditions and snow chains are not considered to be enough. Therefore it is advisable to have winter tyres fitted to your motorhome if you visit Germany between October and April. See www.bmv.de for detailed information about road rules.

Free roadside parking may be time bound and vehicles’ must display the arrival time on a time disc. Discs are available from newsagents for a few euros.

Low emission zones, called ‘Umwelt zones’ in Germany, are on the increase. Vehicles entering an Umwelt zone must display a colour-coded sticker (red, yellow, or green) that identifies the euro emission class of the vehicle. Non compliance can result in a €40 fine. The sticker must be stuck on the inside of the motorhome or campervan windscreen at the bottom right corner. Some towns exclude higher emission, red stickered vehicles and this will increasingly include yellow stickers. The sticker is valid for the entire life of the vehicle as long as the number plate is unchanged. Umwelt zones stickers cost €29.90 see www.umwelt-plakette.de. Stickers can also be issued at local Dekra vehicle registration offices for €5. www.dekra.de has a Dekra station search facility. Just type in a postcode or town name and the details of the nearest Dekra office is displayed. Red stickers are awarded to Euro 2 and Euro 1 diesel cars/motorhomes with retrofit particulate filters. Yellow stickers are awarded to Euro 3 and Euro 2 diesel cars/motorhomes with retrofit particulate filters. Green stickers are awarded to Euro 4/5 and Euro 3 diesel cars/motorhomes with retrofit particulate filters. Green stickers are also awarded to cars/motorhomes with petrol engines fitted with closed-loop catalytic converters, excluding some older models. Visit www.umwelt.nrw.de and click ‘English’ then ‘low emissions zones’ for a good explanation of how engines are given a euro rating.

LPG is widely available and a list of LPG autogas stations can be found at: www.autogastanken.de/de/tanken/autogastankstellen-karte.html. The ADAC Reise Atlas, 1:200,000, shows LPG stations and roads closed to cars towing caravans. The atlas is available from bookshops in Germany and is updated biannually.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Greece
Greece is a year around destination that is hot and busy in summer but quiet and sleepy in winter. Few motorhomers or caravanners winter in Greece, partly because of the long drive, but mostly because it slightly colder than Spain during winter. This makes Greece the perfect place to winter if you like your own company. The Greeks are welcoming and accommodating so a winter in Greece is sure to leave you feeling warm inside.

Campsites, Motorhome Stoppovers and Offsite-Parking in Greece (free wild camping)
Greece has 314 campsites and a few are open during winter, although, not closed, is a better description for many of them. Camping in Greece is a campsite guide written in English, it lists 195 of the 314 Greek campsites, and is available from www.vicarious-shop.co.uk Tel: 0131 2083333. Searchable campsite lists can be found at www.camping-in-greece.gr, www.greececamping.org and www.panhellenic-camping-union.gr. There are no Motorhome Stopovers in Greece but restaurateurs’ are likely to allow overnight stays in their car parks in exchange for patronage. Offsite-Parking is illegal, the website www.gnto.gr states ‘Free camping is prohibited in Greece and in particular tent setup or caravan parking in archaeological sites, along the coast, on the outskirts of public forests, in forests and spaces for public use in general.’ Offsite-Parking will probably be tolerated away from the coast during winter due to the lack of open campsites.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Greece
Road signs are written in both Cyrillic and English and there are plenty of tourists sites clearly signed. Roads are generally good although there are few dual carriageways and only the motorways around Athens are tolled. The Greeks adopt a fatalist style of driving, thus overtaking on a blind bend is thought to be equally as good as on a straight clear road. Thankfully outside of cities the roads are very quiet. Island hopping is possible during winter but the weather conditions may prevent minor ferries from crossing, so be prepared to park in the harbour for a few days.

LPG autogas is not widely available but availability is increasing, some LPG stations are listed on www.panhellenic-camping-union.gr/gas.htm- and www.autogas.gr

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Hungary
Hungary is a hidden European gem and the perfect place to relax stiff joints. Hungary is peppered with hot water springs and has hundreds of spa complexes many with campsites attached. Communist rulers embraced the spa culture so there are plenty of concrete structures and new money has enabled the development of state of the art wellness centres. Generally a visit to a spa is inexpensive and they are used as a social venue by the whole community who chat, play chess or have a beer in the warm water. A swim in Lake Balton is a must do activity because it is the largest thermal lake in Europe and the second largest in the world. You access the water from a wonderful Victorian pier that sits over the thermal spring in the centre of the lake. You can swim inside the building, under it and out into the lake. Even in the depth of winter the water is as warm as a swimming pool, and conveniently there is a campsite adjacent.

Buy a copy of the Hungary Cycling Atlas, which is written in English, Hungarian and German as it contains tourist information about every town. Inside the guidebook there is a navigable road map that shows spas, campsites and cycle routes. This book is available from bookshops in Hungary and from Stanfords, www.stanfords.co.uk Tel: 020 78361321.

Campsites, Motorhome Stoppovers and Offsite-Parking in Hungary (free wild camping)
Hungarian campsites are generally good and many have thermal spas attached, often entry into the spa is included in the campsite fees. Contact the Hungarian tourist office and ask for the ‘Camping Map’ or pick one up at tourist offices in Hungary. Campsites are easy to find because they are marked on the map and the text provides information about facilities, opening dates and costs. There are no motorhome stopovers in Hungary and Offsite Parking is prohibited but don’t let this stop you visiting Hungary.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Hungary
Roads are reasonable and well signposted. Dipped headlights are compulsory during daylight hours. An electronic vignette is required for 70 per cent of the motorways in Hungary. This is a simple toll system that is bought and registered at fuel stations. Instead of a windscreen mounted toll sticker motorhomers or campervanners receive a coupon as proof of payment, which needs to be kept for one year after the expiry date. Motorway authorities check all vehicles electronically by verifying the vehicle registration number against the category of the toll paid and the validity of the e-vignette. Vignettes are available for 10 days, 1 month, or annually. In 2011 motorhomers weighing up to 3,500kg were classed as D1 and the toll charged was 2,750HUF per week (£9). Motorhomes weighing between 3,500kg and 7,500kg are classed as D2 and the toll charge was 7,750HUF (£25). Fines are high for motorists without at vignette or with the wrong vignette. Further information about the vignette and traffic restrictions in Hungary is available at www.motorway.hu LPG autogas is widely available at fuel stations across Hungary.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Iceland
Iceland is located 500 miles northwest of Scotland just south of the Arctic Circle. Despite its northerly location Iceland is kept warm by its volcanic action, thermal waters, and gushing geysers. Ferries depart from Denmark to Iceland via the Faroe Islands, making the journey an adventure in itself. Visit www.smyril-line.com for more details on ferry routes, timetables and costs.

Campsites, Motorhome Stoppovers and Offsite-Parking in Iceland (free wild camping)
Iceland has 68 campsites, most of which are open from June to mid September. A good selection of campsites are listed on www.icetourist.is. There are no motorhome stopovers and the Iceland Tourist Board state on their website ‘Camping outside designated areas is not allowed.’

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Iceland
Iceland lends itself to driving holidays, although fuel is expensive. Some roads are surfaced with loose gravel and need to be driven at slow speeds with care. Dipped headlights are compulsory during daylight hours. Weather can change quickly in Iceland making roads impassable, especially during winter. Winter tyres are compulsory from November to April. www.vegagerdin.is details road conditions. www.safetravel.is details information on safe driving practices. There is no LPG autogas in Iceland.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Ireland
The Emerald Isle is a beautifully lush country, steeped in history and has rich culture. Ireland has a maritime climate so you should expect rain showers whenever you visit. You can always escape the weather by popping down the pub to warm your cockles by the peat fire. Information on heritage sites can be found at www.heritageisland.com. Ferries operate between Ireland and Wales, Scotland, England and France.

Campsites, Motorhome Stoppovers and Offsite-Parking in Ireland (free wild camping)
Ireland has nearly 200 campsites. The Irish Caravan & Camping Council produce a booklet entitled Caravan & Camping, available from the Irish tourist board and Vicarious Books. The 106 campsites are marked on maps and full details are provided. 100 campsites are listed on www.camping-ireland.ie Ireland currently has one motorhome stopover though more are planned. Pubs, restaurants and marinas may allow motorhomers to stop overnight in exchange for patronage. Safe Nights Ireland, www.safenightireland.com, has a list of places where motorhomes can park overnight for €10. Membership is €10 per annum.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Ireland
Speed limits and distances are shown in kilometres. Ireland’s main roads have been improved thanks to EU grants. There are plenty of country lanes to discover, but they are often dead-ends without signs to identify so. The best way to judge these roads is by the grass growing the middle, as soon as you see any look for somewhere to turn around. Barrier free tolling operates on the M50 around Dublin, your number plate will be recorded when you pass through the toll and the fee must be paid by 8pm the following day. Payment can be made at any of the ‘payzone’ outlets. Further information can be found at www.eflow.ie LPG autogas is available at about 80 fuel stations see http://www.ilpga.ie/autogas-outlets.php for details.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Italy
Rome was not built in a day and Italy has so much to see and do it is hard to know where to start. For centuries Italy has been a firm favourite with grand tourers and if we only had one month to travel Europe we would spend three weeks in Italy. Adventurous winter Sun-Seekers should head south to Sicily and drive around Etna, the largest volcano in Europe and one of the most active in the world. Visit www.funiviaetna.com for more information about visiting Etna.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Italy (free wild camping)
Italian campsites are very expensive and you are unlikely to feel that you are getting good value for money. Poor facilities, and unlevel pitches are common and you are advised to visit campsites that are in one of the discount schemes. A database of Italian campsites is published online at www.camping.it Look out for ‘Agri Tourismo’ signs as you travel as you will often be able to park overnight for a few euros.

Italy has approximately 1000 Motorhome Stopovers called ‘Aree di Sosta’ translating to area to stop. Motorhome Stopovers near tourist attractions are more like motorhome campsites; elsewhere they are located in municipal car parks and often have simple custom built Service Points. There are several guidebooks available. Guida Camper, published by Belletti, pin points the Motorhome Stopovers on a 1:400,000 scale road map. The research was completed in 2006, and there is unlikely to be another edition. The Italian motorhome club produces an Annual guide called Dove sostare in camper, which lists 2100 stopovers, and agri tourisimo sites. There appears to be a large number of car parking areas in both guides that have no signs to indicate that the area has official motorhome parking. All the Aires Mountains published by Vicarious Books details campsites and Motorhome Stopovers in the mountains of northern Italy and in Sicily. Guides are available at www.vicarious-shop.com. Details of Area di Sostas can be found online at www.camperonline.it. Offsite-Parking is possible in Italy as long as the traffic and parking laws are complied with. Italians have an interesting take on what remote car parks should be used for so bear this in mind when choosing overnight parking. Thankfully the lovers tend to be quiet but local youths will party late on Friday and Saturday nights. This can be a little alarming to start with but you soon learn to sleep through it.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Italy
Whilst travelling south down Italy you will notice that road conditions continually deteriorate the further away from the industrial north you get. Motorways tend to have tolls, see www.autostrade.it, but the minor roads that run parallel are free and are often more interesting and challenging. Roads have been renumbered over the past few years, so maps and addresses may be out of date. Cycling clubs are common and pelotons snake their way along minor roads on Sundays. Road drainage appears uncommon in southern Italy, so avoid driving during rain. Road signage can be difficult to interpret so take some time to get it right. For example a straight on sign often looks to be indicating left or right. If you need to stop and think about which way to go putting your hazard lights on will be enough to encourage people to drive around you. The south of Italy is less busy than the north but Italians love their cars so there is always some traffic. Appalling congestion occurs after supper, because everybody with a car cruses around town so try to avoid driving between 7-10pm. Perhaps the recession will encourage them to promenade instead.

Some ski resorts can only be accessed by crossing high mountain passes that are prone to blockages after light snow or wind. All tourist offices receive daily updates about mountain pass conditions and a three-day snow forecast. Winter tyres are required between October 15th and April 15th.

There are rumours that the Italians are mad drivers with one hand always on the horn. OK, they are expressive with their horns, but it is an unofficial language, that is easy to learn. One short beep from a following car is a warning that they are overtaking or simply ‘I am here’. Two beeps means ‘ciao’ and they are generally saying hello to someone they know. A progression of beeps or one long beeeeeeeep usually means you or something is in the way; either they have nearly driven into you or there is a parked car blocking the route. Italians drive at two speeds, fast and slow. People driving slowly are happy to drift along and are not concerned by confused tourists. People in a hurry will drive with full beam lights on and will flash manically; as a general rule everyone gets out of their way.

Parking is an Italian sport and any space is fair game, even if it blocks the road. When confronted by a blocked road it is standard practice to give a long horn blast, shopkeepers and passersby soon inspect the situation then summon the owner to move the vehicle. Tailgating is something you have to accept.

If you have a bike rack or anything that protrudes from the rear of your motorhome, ensure you identify it with a hazard warning sign. These are 50cm square, with red and white reflective stripes. Many cities do not allow tourist traffic through the historic centre, so park on the outskirts and use public transport to get in. LPG autogas is widely available. Fuel stations may discount fuel prices at weekends, and self service pumps are marked ‘Fai Dante’ and are often five per cent cheaper.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Kosovo
(Republic of)
The tiny country of Kosovo, established in 2008, is not recognised by all European Union countries and is currently not part of the EU, though its currency is the Euro. There are no visa requirements for any national who wish to enter Kosovo, but at the Kosovo border you may be requested to provide documentation giving a reason for your entry. If you have a reason to enter Kosovo it is best not to enter or exit through Serbia. People with passports stamped with Republic of Kosovo stamps have been refused entry to Serbia. If you are determined to enter Kosovo www.visitkosovo.org details tourist information.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Latvia
Latvia is a small Baltic country bordering Russia and you may hear Russian spoken. The capital, Riga, is famed for its Art Nouveau architecture whereas the town of Krãslava, has Russian and Belorussian architecture. Saunas, called pirts, are very popular across the country. You may be able to warm yourself up in a sauna, but you are sure to cool down during winter as daytime temperatures average -10°C and plummet to -25°C at night. July is the warmest month and frosts start in September.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking Latvia (free wild camping)
Plenty of Latvian campsites are located alongside rivers and the Baltic coast, www.camping.lv has a list of campsites. The Baltic States Camping Map, available from tourist offices, details 42 campsites marked on a map. Latvia is still relatively undiscovered by motorhomers and currently there are no Motorhome Stopovers. Offsite-Parking is likely to be illegal but is likely to be tolerated out of when campsites are closed.
Driving your motorhome or campervan in Latvia
Latvia is a small, flat country making it good for cycling. The main roads have been improved due to EU funding, but local roads may be potholed or surfaced with gravel. Winter tyres are required on vehicles weighing up to 3,500kg from December to February. LPG autogas is available at some fuel stations.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Lithuania
The Baltic state charm of Lithuania has only been discovered by the most adventurous British motorhomers. Summers are mild and winters harsh. One third of the country is forested and there are over 4,000 lakes. Lithuania has the smallest coast out of its neighbours at just 90km long.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking Lithuania
There are 33 campsites listed on the tourist information website. The Baltic States Camping Map, available from tourist offices details 14 campsites marked on a map, 7 are open all year. The Campsites in Lithuania leaflet lists 22 campsites marked on a map. The Lithuanian Camp Site Association, www.camping.lt has 25 campsites on its website. National parks also have camping areas, but these are set up for tent campers. Currently there are no Motorhome Stopovers.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Lithuania (free wild camping)
Lithuania has good smooth roads, and most are tarmacked. Motorways equivalent to the UK. Small lanes and country roads may be comprised of loose gravel. All drivers must use headlights at all times, and from November 1 to March 1 winter tyres are required. More information can be found at www.lra.lt. LPG autogas is available from fuel stations, listed on http://degalines.orlenlietuva.lt look under ‘Degalines’ for a list of fuel stations that should have LPG. Four tourist maps are available for Lithuania and each has driving routes and suggested places to visit.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Luxembourg
(The Grand Duchy of)
The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, to use its full and correct title, is approximately 75km tall from north to south and 50km wide from east to west, so be careful not to drive right through by accident. One or two days will give a good overview and enough time to visit Luxembourg City as well. Northern Grand Duchy has plenty of forested areas with marked walking trails, see www.hiking-in-luxembourg.co.uk .The Mosel Valley forms the eastern border with Germany. Adjacent to the river is a road and cycle path both providing a good view of the vine covered slopes, visit www.vins-cremants.lu for more information about the wine.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking Luxembourg (free wild camping)
There is an amazing 80 campsites in Luxembourg, which equates to one in every 32km² and three of the 80 are naturist campsites. See www.camping.lu for details. There are a few Motorhome Stopovers but most motorhome facilities are attached to campsites though pitch fees are reduced. Some campsites operate reduced fee Quick Stop camping on a parking area outside the campsite, parking is restricted to evenings only, normally from 5pm until 10am. Full details of the Motorhome Stopovers can be found in All the Aires Benelux and Scandinavia available from www.vicarious-shop.com. Offsite-Parking is not allowed or tolerated, though there are plenty of suitable lay-bys.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Luxembourg
The roads are good and toll free. All the motorways around Luxembourg City can get busy during rush hour. Several motorways are currently being extended or improved. Fuel prices are fixed throughout the country and fuel stations close to borders often sell tobacco and other goods that offer savings to their neighbours. LPG autogas is available at some fuel stations.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Macedonia (Republic of)
Macedonia is not part of the EU but has applied to join. British passport holders can visit for three months without having to obtain a visa. Visitors must register with the police in the town they are staying within 24hrs of arrival, unless the campsite does it for you. The town of Ohrid, with its historic buildings and adjacent lake is a popular tourist destination. Further tourist information can be found at: www.exploringmecedonia.com.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Macedonia
There are campsites in Macedonia, with several located around Ohrid and its lake. Campsites that accept motorhomes tend to be referred to as ‘Car Camp’ or ‘Autocamp’ and Elesec Car Camp, Ljubanista Car Camp and Gradiste Car Camp are all located near Ohrid. There are no motorhome stopovers in Montenegro and Offsite-Parking is likely to be tolerated away from touristy areas and out of season.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Macedonia
The roads of Macedonia are of average standard. There are toll roads in Macedonia, tolls must be paid in cash. The Macedonian Dinar is only available in Macedonia, ATMs are available in towns. Dipped headlights are required at all times. Snow chains or winter tyres are required between 15 November and 15 March. LPG autogas is available from some fuel stations.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Malta
Malta is located is 60 miles south of Sicily. You do not need a car to get around Malta because it is only 14 miles long and 8 miles wide. Malta has an enviable comfortable year-round climate, is packed with interesting sites and has plenty of quiet beaches. Motorhoming on Malta is not recommended although a ferry can be taken from Sicily to Malta.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Malta (free wild camping)
The main campsite is adjacent to a nice bay at Mellieha in the far north of the island, www.maltacampsite.com Tel 00356 21521105. The campsite charges around €15 for a motorhome in winter including electricity. There is also a scout camp, http://campsite.scoutkeeper.net, which allows the public to stay. There are no Motorhome Stopovers on the island and Offsite-Parking is discouraged and difficult as there is a lack of suitable car parks. Water is in short supply on the island.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Malta
The roads are narrow, dusty, potholed and congested (think central Naples). The Maltese are polite but reckless drivers, un-dented cars are the exception. The Maltese drive on the left (unless the right side has better shade). LPG autogas is not available.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Montenegro
Montenegro is not part of the EU but its currency is the Euro. On entering Montenegro you will need to pay €10 for ecology tax and received a sticker for the windscreen. Third party insurance is €15 for 15 days, extra days are charged at €1 per day.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Montenegro (free wild camping)
Campsites are often described as Autocamp. www.montenegro.com lists Autocamps, including Autocamp Naluka in Morinja and Olivia Autocamp at Bar as well as detailing tourist information. 14 autocamps are listed on www.montenegro-travel.org/Camps.php. There are no motorhome stopovers in Montenegro and Offsite-Parking is likely to be tolerated away from touristy areas and out of season.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Montenegro
Roads are of an average European standard. The coast road has fantastic scenery and takes one day to drive. Dipped headlights must be used at all times. LPG autogas is increasingly available.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in The Netherlands (Holland)
Water dominates the history and the landscape of The Netherlands. Today dykes, canals and rivers crisscross all over the country. Between 1927 and 1932, a 30.5km long dyke called Afsluitdijk (the Barrier Dyke) was built, turning the Zuiderzee into the Ijsselmeer, a freshwater lake. The bulb fields, especially the tulips, are a popular tourist destination. The season lasts from the end of March until the first week of May, weather depending. The best-known bulb fields are located behind the North Sea sand dunes, between the cities of Leiden and Den Helder. Flower Route cycle maps are available from tourist information offices.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in The Netherlands (Holland) (free wild camping)
There are a wide range of campsites available to suit all budgets and desires. The Camping Card ACSI details over 300 off season discount campsites. Small campsites, known as ‘Mini Camping’, are detailed in Kamperen op het Platteland which is available from www.vekabo.nl, and bookshops in Holland, but is only in Dutch. SVR, www.svr.nl, is another camping association and members receive a map detailing SVR sites, there is no handbook. Motorhome facilities are often inadequate, under whelming and expensive, which is surprising when you consider how many Dutch motorhomes you see in other countries, perhaps that is the reason why! Many of the Motorhome Stopovers only have two parking bays, and no facilities. Service Points are predominantly at marinas and a fee is charged, these are generally waist height sinks for emptying cassette toilets only. Grey water drains and fresh water supplies are rare. Charges at marinas are sometimes more than campsite fees. Motorhome Stopovers are detailed in All the Aires Benelux and Scandinavia, Bord Atlas and CamperStop Europe. All books and the ACSI CampingCard are available from www.vicarious-shop.com. Offsite-parking is not tolerated in The Netherlands nor is it in practice.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in The Netherlands (Holland)
The roads are generally in good condition and toll free but do suffer from strong winds. Being a densely populated country, like Britain, The Netherlands also suffers morning and evening rush hours. The driving style is generally good and drivers are decisive when joining traffic or overtaking. It would also seem that everybody gets on their bike in the Netherlands and cycle routes are everywhere. Usually bikes do not share the road, making cycling safe and easy. Thousands of bikes are stolen in the Netherlands every year so always lock up your bike.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Norway
Norway is without any doubt the most interesting Scandinavian country to visit. This is simply due to the ever-changing landscape that you drive through. It seems that every 30 minutes you look out over new scenery. Norway is not a cheap country to visit, so stock your cupboards in advance, making sure you check you do not break any of the import regulations, listed below. Motorhome longer than 6 meters or weigh more than 3500kg are charged at least double for tolls and ferries, compared to motorhomes that are less than 3500kg and less than 6 meters.
Norway is not part of the EU and the import regulations are as follows: You must be 18 years or older to take in drink up to 22% alcohol per volume and 20 or over to take in liquor over 22% alcohol per volume. The limits are:

• 1 litre of beverages with more than 22% up to and including 60% alcohol per volume as well as 1.5 litres with more than 2.5% up to and including 22% alcohol per volume.
• Or 3 litres with more than 2.5% up to and including 22% alcohol per volume and 2 litres of beer with more than 2.5 % up to and including 4.7 % alcohol per volume.
• Or 5 litres of other beverages with more than 2.5 % up to and including 4.7 % alcohol per volume. This means that you can take 5 litres of beer provided you do not have any other alcoholic beverages.
• Tobacco (minimum age 18): The maximum limit is 200 cigarettes or 250g of other tobacco products and 200 cigarette papers.
• Meat, meat products, milk and milk Products: You can take in meat, meat products, milk, cheese and foodstuffs containing them totalling 10 kilos. These products must originate from European Economic Area countries. You are not allowed to take potatoes, dog or cat food into Norway.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Norway (free wild camping)
The Norwegian Tourist Board would prefer you to use one of the 1000 campsites, which vary from large commercial sites to plenty of smaller sites, see www.camping.no/pdfguide.html for a downloadable campsite guide. Due to the 1957 Outdoor Recreation Act the “right of public access”, Offsite-Parking is tolerated as long as you park at least 150m away from a dwelling or cabin, do not drive off road, do not camp on farmland and stop no longer than 48 hours. Finding suitable Offsite-Parking places south of Trondheim is difficult due to the Fjord land geography, farmland, and higher population. Motorhome Service-Points are almost exclusively located at fuel stations but are distributed throughout the country. 67 Motorhome Stopovers are listed in All the Aires Benelux and Scandinavia by Vicarious Books. Some of the fuel stations and most campsites will operate septic tanks so we recommend that you fit a SOG extractor to avoid the need for toilet chemicals. Water is sometimes available at fuel stations and should be obtained when filling up with fuel.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Norway
Norway is a popular motorhome destination even though it is not really possible to have a budget driving holiday because it is such a long way from the bottom to the top and back. Most motorists explain how they enjoy the challenge of the drive and it is the drive that makes the holiday. Dual carriageways are rare. Only the main roads are tarmac and they are no wider than they need to be. The northern road frequently passes under the adjacent railway track and as it does it becomes single vehicle width. Compacted gravel roads provide access to remote communities and dwellings. These gravel roads may not be obvious on your map but do generally go somewhere and are kept in good condition and are likely to provide better motorhome or campervan Offsite-Parking opportunities. Snow can block roads in the north as late as May, so don’t arrive within the Arctic Circle until June and aim to leave no later than September. Winter tyres are mandatory when the government releases the exact dates but approximately 1st of November until the 15th of April. Dipped headlights are obligatory during daylight hours. More road information is available at www.vegvesen.no.

Ferries are necessary to cross the fjords as you drive the coast road. Large towns, like Burgen, Trondheim and Oslo, have toll ring roads (the main road), which are unavoidable. There are two options for paying Norwegan tolls. Either you can register a credit card with AutoPASS and drive through the AutoPASS lanes. Alternatively don’t register your credit card and pay for each toll at the payment booth, if there is no payment booth then drive through an AutoPASS lane and an invoice will be sent to your home address. If you drive through an AutoPASS lane when a manual pay booth is available you will be sent a fine. More information is available at www.autopass.no. Norway is an expensive country and fuel is about 10 per cent more than the UK and motorhomes over 6 meters will be charged twice as much for ferries and tolls.

If you see elk whilst driving, slow down or stop if it is safe to do so. These are wild unpredictable animals the size of a medium horse so collision is disastrous for both parties. Reindeer are semi domesticated livestock herded by Sami people who indicate reindeer crossing points or grazing areas with plastic bags tied to polls and bushes. Reindeer like to stand in the middle of the road and sounding your horn will not get a reaction. Reindeer on the side are a significant hazard as they are prone to walking onto the road despite oncoming traffic. Should you be unfortunate enough to be involved in a collision with a large animal such as a deer or elk, even if it runs away, you must always contact the police to report the incident. If the animal runs back into the woods you must indicate the place with a plastic bag. If the animal is lying on the road put out warning triangles.

Fuel is expensive in Norway, so keep an eye on the prices and fill up when it is cheaper regardless of whether your tank is empty. Check fuel prices on Sunday evenings, as they may be reduced. LPG is available through Norway and a list of LPG stations is available on www.gjelstenli.no, http://lpgnorge.no

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Poland
Poland is a slightly smaller than Germany so is a big country but has a 22 million less people than the UK. Poland’s most visited site is something that it inherited from its neighbour. Auschwitz is a few hours’ drive from Germany and from there you head to Krakow, Poland’s prettiest town, where there are four campsites to choose from. From Krakow visit the Royal Wieliczka Salt Mines. There are 350 miles of tunnels and salt statues to marvel at, visit www.kopalnia.pl for more information. Poland is best visited during summer because it is very cold and snowy during winter. Skiers and mountain enthusiast can head to Zakopane in the Tatra Mountains.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Poland (free wild camping)
There are 500 campsites in Poland rated at 1-4, most are open May to September with few open all year. Polska Federacje Campingu i Caravanning, www.pfcc.eu lists campsites on the website and publishes ‘Polskie Campingi/Polish Campsites’ available from larger campsites or tourist information centres in larger towns. Also look out for Polska Mapa Campingow as is shows the campsites on the map and contains site details. There are no Motorhome Stopovers, although Bord Atlas lists a few farms that accept motorhomes. Offsite-Parking is not allowed in national parks or by the beach, although it may be possible in other parts of the country, it is not recommended.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Poland
The main roads are generally good, with country lanes being of varying standards. Motorways have a toll charge. There is generally a hard shoulder, which slow vehicles pull into to allow overtaking. Avoid driving at night as the hard shoulder/overtaking lane is used as a footpath by pedestrians clad in black, which can lead to scary situations. All vehicles must use headlights both night and day, always. LPG is available at some fuel stations.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Portugal
Portugal has a relaxed pace of life that follows the seasons. Agricultural vehicles of all types are used as daily transport, testament to the family farm lifestyle so prevalent in the interior. During winter the Atlantic coast is often windier and wetter than the more sheltered Algarve; unsurprisingly this is where most motorhomes congregate. If you drive north, away from the Sun-Seekers, you will find the wetlands around Aveiro. This area provides shellfish for birds and fishermen alike who navigate the creeks in traditional colourful fishing boats.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Portugal (free wild camping)
Portugal has approximately 250 campsites, many of which are open all year. 119 campsites are listed on www.campingportugal.org and 146 are listed on www.visitportugal.com The publication Roteiro Campista Camping Portugal details 220 Portuguese campsites. This guidebook is available from Vicarious Books and Tourist Offices in Portugal. There are 46 Motorhome Stopovers listed in All the Aires Spain and Portugal, most of which are located inland. Offsite-Parking is possible but ‘No Motorhome’ signs are common along the coastline.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Portugal
Compared to Spanish roads Portuguese roads are poor and country lanes are very bumpy. Main roads are busy and the surface is often deteriorated and potholed. The local driving style is calm, and the local roads are quiet.

Portuguese toll roads have a 12 hour time restriction. As always the advice, for safety reasons, is do not park overnight at motorway rest areas in your motorhome or campervan, but in this circumstance time is also against you. Electronic tolls, signed ‘Lanco Com Portagem’, apply on many of the former free stretches of motorway. This is an automated system and there are no toll-booths. Instead an electronic device has to be leased or a three day ticket can be purchased. These are available from motorway service stations or post offices and must be acquired before you use the motorways. Visit http://portagens.ctt.pt or see the tourist board website.

LPG is available in Portugal at many fuel stations, 23 LPG filling points are listed in All the Aires Spain and Portugal. Fuel is 10 cents more per litre in Portugal than it is in Spain.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Romania
Romania is famed for being the home of Dracula, which is exploited exceptionally well by the tourist board. Nevertheless there is more to Romania than myths such as Black Sea beach resorts, the famous river Danube, not to mention 25 UNESCO world heritage sites which include pained monasteries and wooden churches. Romania can be very cold during winter and the skiing is limited thus spring and summer are the best times to visit.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Romania (free wild camping)
There are 69 campsites listed on the Romanian tourist board publication, Romania - Motels and Campings Map. www.romaniacamping.ro lists over 100 campsites, although some listings lack details.

There are no Motorhome Stopovers in Romania and during winter stopping at TIR truck parking areas may be your only option. You will be charged a nominal amount to park overnight, and there is often a shop, shower and restaurant onsite.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Romania
Romania main roads are generally in reasonable condition, especially the main truck routes. Despite this speed should be used with caution as the roads can have unexpected ripples or potholes. In built up areas the roads can be very narrow and power lines can be low. Transportation pulled by animals is not uncommon. Village roads and non-main routes may not be surfaced with tarmac. Sign posting is not always clear, or existent, thus conscientious navigation is required.

Upon entry into Romania you will have to purchase a road tax ‘sticker’ for your motorhome or campervan known as Rovinieta. Registration can be done at border crossing points, fuel stations and post offices , but you may not get a sticker so keep your receipt as proof of purchase. Failing to purchase Ronvinieta could result in a maximum €4000 fine. The cost depends on the vehicle emissions category and can be valid for 1 week, 1 month or 1 year. You will need proof of insurance and the vehicle registration document when purchasing the Rovinieta.

Dipped headlights are obligatory during daylight hours. LPG is widely available from fuel stations.

Russian Federation
A visa is required before entering the Russian Federation. If your passport has less than six months to run, you may be refused entry to Russia. All foreign nationals entering Russia must fill in a migration card. The card is in two identical parts. One part will be retained by the Immigration Officer on arrival. You should keep the other part with your passport; you will need it when you depart Russia and if you are stopped by the police for an ID check during your stay. You must register your stay within three working days of arrival in Russia with the local branch of the Federal Migration Service. You need not register a visa if your visit is for less than three days.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in the Russian Federation (free wild camping)
There are 10 campsites in Russia listed on http://en.camping.info/russia which should provide somewhere to aim. Campsites may be attached to hotels, or may simply be parking in the hotel car park. Hotel Camping Olgino, www.hotel-olgino.spb.ru, is located near St Petersburg. Overnight stays may be confined to Truck Stops on main routes, which are far from glamorous but adequate. Park in a guarded car park when you leave your motorhome unattended.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Russian Federation
Motorists should avoid driving at night if possible. An International Driving Permit (IDP) is compulsory for the holder of any type of UK driving licence. At the boarder you will need to get a temporary permit for your motorhome, and any other vehicle, which makes your vehicle legal in Russia for 10 days, it will need to be extended if you intend to stay longer. Third party insurance is mandatory and can be purchased at the border. State Traffic Inspectorate officials will stop vehicles to check documents, especially if they are displaying foreign plates. A road tax is payable at the border. LPG may be available occasionally at fuel stations.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Serbia
Serbia is not currently in the EU but has applied to be a member. Further tourist information can be found at www.serbia.travel. You must register with the police within 24 hours of your arrival. EU citizens can visit for 90 days without a visa.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Serbia (free wild camping)
There are plenty of campsites in Serbia listed on the Camping Association of Serbia, www.camping.rs and there are 22 campsites listed on http://en.camping.info/serbia/campsite. There are no Motorhome Stopovers in Serbia.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Serbia
Roads in Serbia are of average European standard. The Foreign Office states that a ‘particularly notorious road is the Ibarska Magistrala (linking Belgrade, via Cacak and Užice, to Montenegro)’ and advises vigilance on busy motorways, rural roads and in poor weather conditions. The motorways are toll, take a ticket when you enter the motorway and produce it when you pay at the exit of the motorway. Motorways accept both the local Dinars and Euros, foreign vehicles are charged more than local vehicles. Fines issued by police should be paid at the post office or bank, not directly to the policeman. Do not exit Serbia into Kosovo and be aware of unexploded mines close to the Kosovo boarder. Your green Card must be denoted SRB and drivers are required to have an International Drivers Licence. Dipped headlights are compulsory at all times. Snow chains must be carried in winter. LPG is available from some fuel stations

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Slovakia
This small country is conveniently situated in central Europe. Winters can be cold, and the best time to visit is May and June, when it is also likely to be quiet. There is an abundance of healthy outdoor pursuits with a wealth of hiking trails for summer and skiing in the winter.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Slovakia (free wild camping)
Slovakia has approximately 175 campsites. The Slovak tourist board publishes the ‘Auto-Campings - Road Map’ which provides details and addresses for 78 auto camping sites. Addition information is provided about local facilities such as such as public transport, mechanics, swimming pools and skiing. Some campsites are said to be just 200m from a ski lift. A list of 30 campsites is available on the tourist board website. There are no Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking is not allowed.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Slovakia
Winter tyres are compulsory between 15 November and 15 March and when compacted snow or ice is on the road. If your motorhome is damaged prior to entering the country it is advisable to obtain a certificate upon entry detailing the damage. Vehicle accidents must be recorded on a European Accident Report form. The police must be called if the damage caused exceeds €4,000.

Vehicles under 3.5tonnes must purchase a window sticker if they intend to drive on the motorways. Stickers may be purchased at border crossings and from selected filling stations and post offices for periods of one week (€ 7), one month (€14) or a calendar year (€50). Vehicles over 3.5t require an electronic toll box, which will charge by each kilometre travelled, the Kilometre rate will depend on the vehicle category, number of axels and emission class. More information can be found at www.emyto.sk.

LPG is available at many fuel stations; http://natankuj.sme.sk has a searchable LPG fuel station database.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Slovenia
A country the size of Wales, which offers Mediterranean beach holidays as well as extreme sports and skiing. Bled is one of the most beautiful places in Europe and an ideal place to engage in some café culture while you soak up the views.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Slovenia
There are around 50 campsites in Slovenia. The ‘Slovenija Tourist Map’ shows campsite locations on a road map, and is available free from tourist office. There are no Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking is not allowed.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Slovenia
Slovenia is 33 km across, so everything should be easily accessible. All moving vehicles must use headlights night and day. Winter tyres or snow chains are mandatory from 15 November until 15 March. If your motorhome is less than 3500kg in weight a vignette needs to be purchased and displayed before travelling on motorways or the Ljubljana ring road. Vignettes can be purchase from filling stations in Slovenia and in neighbouring countries, and cost €15 per week or €30 per month. Motorhomes over 3500kg can pay at the toll booths for each journey. LPG is available in Slovinia at fuel stations on motorways and across the country.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Spain
Southern coastal Spain provides the warmest winter temperatures in mainland Europe, thus motorhome and caravan users migrate there from all over the continent. The warm winters make it viable to grow a wide selection of fruits, vegetables and salad crops. The evidence of this intensive production is clearly visible as thousands of hectares of southern Spain are cloaked in plastic. Spain has more than sun, sea, sand and plastic, drive inland and a different, quieter Spain awaits you.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Spain (free wild camping)
Spain has 1200 campsites. Along the south eastern coast there are many large campsites that are suitable for long term winter holidays. Rallies are held at these campsites by motorhome and caravan clubs from all over Europe. The publication Guia Camping, details campsites in Spain and Portugal and has a searchable database of campsites on the supporting website, www.guiacampingfecc.com.

There are 100 Motorhome Stopovers in Spain. Almost half are located above Portugal, between the Atlantic coast and San Sebastian. Most of these stopovers are located inland, and are underused despite being free and open all year. Full details are provided in All the Aires Spain and Portugal (second edition April 2012) available from www.vicarious-shop.com. If you dream of driving slowly down the Spanish Mediterranean coast and stopping wherever takes your fancy, you are going to be disappointed. Offsite-Parking is nearly non-existent as more and more motorhome exclusion signs are erected, and you are unlikely to find a free Motorhome Stopover near the sea.

Unfortunately there is an element of crime targeted at tourists. Many campsites display warning and disclaimer notices about leaving belongings outside and valuables on display when you are away from your pitch. Spanish highway police on the AP7 confirmed that break-ins both on trucks and motorhomes were a real problem at motorway rest areas, but rarely occur off the motorway network. Do not stop overnight at motorway service or rest areas and be vigilant at all times when visiting them.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Spain
In general, Spanish roads are the best in Europe having recently been subject to an extensive EU road improvement programme. Although this has made Spanish roads easy and pleasant to drive on, it can cause navigation issues for both humans and satellite machines. Ensure you have up-to-date mapping with you. Away from major cities the local driving style is generally non-aggressive, cautious, and very tolerant. Toll roads along the east coast connect the popular coastal resorts. Reasonable free roads follow the same route. This coast is very busy and is virtually all built up. Driving the central route up or down is quiet, beautiful and toll free.
Speed detectors linked to traffic lights are common at town boundaries. The traffic lights stop speeding vehicles before they enter the built up areas. Spanish road planners have adopted a junction which would be a roundabout elsewhere in Europe. To prevent vehicles turning left across the traffic a right hand slipway sweeps away and back at right angles to the road. Drivers then have to give way to traffic on both carriageways. This type junction is likely to be traffic light controlled in towns. These junctions take a little while to get used to!

LPG is available at 20 Repsol gas depots, www.repsolypf.com, and a few fuel stations. The majority of Spanish LPG outlets are detailed in All the Aires Spain and Portugal.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Sweden
Sweden is often seen as the ‘back door to Norway’ due to its flat, toll free roads that cut through seemingly endless pine trees. The large lakes of Vanern and Vattern make an ideal stop for a few days, whilst the capital, Stockholm, should not be missed. Stockholm has a congestion charge, but this only applies to Swedish registered vehicles. Southern and Central Sweden has plenty of speed cameras.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Sweden (free wild camping)
Unlike the rest of Europe, to use the 1200 campsites in Sweden a Camping Card Scandinavia may be required. This card is not required in the rest of Scandinavia if you have a Camping Card International. Until recently Swedish campsites did not accept the CCI and engaging the campsite staff in a lengthy discussion was pointless, however this is beginning to change with some campsites accepting the CCI. The Camping Card Scandinavia is available in advance from www.camping.se or from campsites in Sweden, the validation stamp at your first campsite costs 140 SEK. Some camp-sites offer a Quick Stop facility where campsite facilities can be used from 9pm to 9am, ideal for those touring the country wishing to reduce campsite costs. Some campsites are open all year; www.camping.se has a searchable campsite database.

Short stay parking is provided at the ‘Rastplats’ Lay-bys on all the major roads in Sweden, and although overnight parking is not encouraged, in reality motorhomes frequently stay overnight. If you do use these stops do not stay longer than 18 hours. Sweden has low crime rates and overnight parking is probably less risky than on main routes in other parts of Europe, but vigilance and additional security should always be applied. Some Rastplats on major routes provide toilet-emptying points. These consist of parking areas and toilet blocks with a Latrin (Latrine). The latrines are a voluntary addition, so not all lay-bys have them. The Rastplats clearly sign different areas for cars, lorries and caravans (motorhomes). Toilet blocks have one door marked ‘Latrin’. Inside you will find a toilet emptying point. Some Rastplats have manufactured service points. Caravans can and do use these stops. Details of the Rastplats can be found on the Rastplatskartan, a road map, produced by Vagverket. This is available from the major tourist offices in Sweden. Details can also be found in All the Aires Benelux and Scandinavia, available from www.vicarious-shop.com. Water is not available at Rastplats. Water tanks should be replenished when visiting fuel stations for fuelling up. Water is available in heated cupboards and there are 230 Shell stations with water points.

Offsite-Parking is possible but curiously Swedish tourist information recommends campsite use for safety and security, but hundreds of unsecured walking huts are provided across the country. Our experience is, along with Norway, that we felt safer here than in any other country. Offsite-Parking is tolerated due to the “Every Man’s Right”.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Sweden
In Northern Sweden only the main roads are tarmac, though the compacted gravel roads are generally in good condition and can provide better stopping opportunities. These gravel roads may not be obvious on your map but do generally go somewhere. Dipped headlights are obligatory whilst driving even in daylight. Sweden has no toll roads. From October to May roads can be closed due to snow. Snow chains or winter tyres are compulsory in some areas, so it is worth investigating road conditions before travelling, visit www.vv.se.

The main roads in Sweden are good, though there is little dual carriageway in the north but areas are provided for overtaking. Minor roads can be extremely bumpy and pot holed. At traffic lights the Swedes tend to leave a car’s length between each vehicle, which allows them to pull away all together. Driving through Sweden is regarded as the quick way to return in your motorhome or campervan from Nordkapp or North Norway. With few hills and no tolls it is both quick and cheap but it is also regarded as boring as there is not much to see.

If you intend to pass another vehicle and if you think the driver is not aware of your presence, flash your headlights. If the other driver sees that the road ahead is clear they will acknowledge your signal by engaging their right indicator. If you're driving slowly you will be expected to move over onto the hard shoulder while the other motorist passes, the hard shoulders in Sweden are extra wide to accommodate this practice. Do not use the shoulder as if it were another lane. Swedish drivers are very keen to follow motorhomes for long distances of straight road before initiating an overtake before a bend.

If you see elk whilst driving, slow down or stop if it is safe to do so. These are wild unpredictable animals the size of a medium horse so collision is disastrous for both parties. Reindeer are semi domesticated, and the Sami also use plastic bags at the side of the road to indicate reindeer crossing points or grazing areas. Reindeer like to stand in the middle of the road to escape the flies and enjoy sun warmed tarmac. Reindeer on the side of the road require extreme care, sounding your horn will not get a reaction. Should you be unfortunate enough to be involved in a collision with a large animal such as a deer or elk, even if it runs away, you must always contact the police to report the incident. If the animal runs back into the woods you must indicate the place with a plastic bag. If the animal is lying on the road put out warning triangles.

LPG is not widely available but a list of 30 is available at www.gjelstenli.no

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Switzerland
Switzerland is not high up on the destinations list for most campers but there is more to Switzerland than clocks, chocolate and cheese. There are well-known, excellent ski resorts, which in summer make ideal destinations for outdoor enthusiasts and 20,000km of non-motorised routes for walking, cycling and canoeing are accessible, see www.switzerlandmobility.ch

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Switzerland (free wild camping)
There are 350 campsites in Switzerland. www.swisscamps.ch has a brochure of the campsites and a searchable campsite database. All 350 campsites, and 66 Motorhome Service Points, are listed in the guide Camping TCS available from www.vicarious-shop.com. There are around 20 Motorhome Stopovers, known as Stellplatze. Service Points are often located outside TCS campsites, there are 29 TCS campsites and shows them www.tcs.ch/travel/de/home/camping/ platzsuche.html marked on a map. Electricity connection at the campsite or Stellplatze may have a special Swiss plug socket. Adaptor plugs are available from camping shops or can be borrowed at campsites, but will contain a 10amp fuse so you can only draw 10amps from a 16amp supply. Many Swiss motorway service stations have dedicated motorhome parking, service points, and free 16amp electric. It appears that motorhomes are permitted to park at service stations from four to 15hrs, always check the sign. These parking areas range from huge motorway service areas to small mountain service stations with fantastic views. It is not uncommon to see 4 - 5 Swiss motorhomes park overnight and be connected to the power. Swiss crime rates are low but Vicarious Books does not recommend stopping overnight on motorways because we receive a few reports each year of vehicle burglary. That said we have never had a report of or heard a rumour of a burglary on a Swiss motorway. If you do stop at a motorway service station or lay-by, be cautious and vigilant; lock your vehicle, lock away valuables and set alarms. There are 34 entries for Switzerland in All the Aires Mountains. Offsite-Parking is possible but dependant on local laws.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Switzerland
The Alps dominate the bottom third of Switzerland and many routes have mountain passes. In winter, spring and autumn sudden snow showers are common, so abide by the law and carry snow chains. It is advisable to check weather forecasts and check with the local police or Tourist Office to confirm that any passes you intend to take are open. When travelling on any mountain road give way to yellow PostBuses, it’s the law! Some mountain passes have car-train tunnels (a similar system to the channel tunnel) where you turn up, pay a fee, and drive onto the train that transports you through the tunnel. This can save considerable time, but take care when driving on and off the train.

Swiss motorways are excellent and you really need to use them to get around. All motorhomes and campervans weighing less than 3.5t are charged to use Swiss motorways. Proof of payment comes in the form of a sticker called a vignette, which you attach to the windscreen. Take care when removing the sticker from its backing as the sticker is cut into circular strips to make it impossible to remove from the windscreen intact, you do not want to invalidate it before you have used it! Motorhomes and campervans under 3.5t are charged SF40/€30 for 14 months from 1st December. If you are towing a trailer/caravan under 3.5t, you need two vignettes, one for the tow vehicle and one for the trailer. Vignettes can be purchased in advance at www.myswitzerland.com or can be purchased in euro’s or Swiss Francs at the border. Stickers are checked at motorway exits. Further details and a map of the toll roads is available at www.vignette.ch

All motorhomes and campervans over 3.5t have to pay heavy vehicle tax for every day the vehicle is in Switzerland. Motorhome and heavy car tax is SF3.25 per day, and a minimum of SF25/7 days has to be purchased. Border staff will issue a receipt as proof of purchase, and this will be checked when you leave Switzerland. If you intend to stay longer than 18 days, a one-month pass is more economical. If you intend to pass through Switzerland, you can buy a flexible 10 day pass valid for one year. If you are towing a trailer/caravan less than 3.5t, you need a vignette for the trailer. Fifth wheel caravan combination: when both vehicles weigh over 3.5t each, only one heavy vehicle pass is required. If the tow vehicle is under 3.5t and the caravan is over 3.5t then only one heavy vehicle pass is required. If the tow vehicle is over 3.5t and the caravan is under 3.5t, a heavy vehicle pass and a vignette is required. If both vehicles are under 3.5t each then two vignettes are required. Further details and a map of the toll roads is available at www.vignette.ch, email: enquiries ozd.zentrale@ezv.admin.ch
There are around 18 LPG stations in Switzerland, All the Aires Mountains lists 6.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Lichtenstein
Switzerland’s western border adjoins Lichtenstein and this 24km long country shares many links with Switzerland, including its currency, the Swiss Franc (SF). Lichtenstein is independent, with its own monarchy and parliament but it does not have an army. There is one campsite and a private Stellplatze listed on Lichtenstein’s tourist board website, www.tourismus.li

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Turkey
Turkey is not a member of the EU but has applied for EU membership. A visa is required for British nationals to enter Turkey; charged at €15 or £10. Visa prices vary between nationalities; Canadian passport holders are charged €45 whilst New Zealand passport holders are granted a free visa. For up-to-date information on visa requirements check www.mfa.gov.tr/visa-fees-at-border-gates-for-2010.en.mfa before you depart. Your passport should be valid for at least six months on entry into Turkey and have at least three months validity from the date you are exiting Turkey. Ensure you have a physical Green Card, and that your insurance covers Asian Turkey as well as European Turkey and that cover is fully comprehensive and not just third party. Vehicle details are entered on the driver's passport and the driver will not be able to leave Turkey without the vehicle. Make sure you have Travel or Vehicle Insurance that will cover the Duty/Customs Bond if you are taken ill and have to fly home or the vehicle is written off in an accident. Tourist information is available from www.gototurkey.co.uk

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Turkey (free wild camping)
The ACSI DVD lists 47 campsites in Turkey. The website www.turizm.net has a wealth of information on Turkey and although some information appears to be a little dated it has a list of national park and forest campsites, www.turizm.net/turkey/tips/nationalparks.htm, and the website also lists other campsites by region at www.turizm.net/turkey/tips/camp-list.htm. Campsites vary dramatically in size and standard. There are no motorhome stopovers in Turkey and Offsite-Parking is likely to be tolerated away from touristy areas and out of season. Don Madge comments: ‘The rural areas of Turkey are policed by the Jandarma (Military police) they set up road blocks but usually wave you through when they see you are a tourist. Don't under any circumstances park or camp in the vicinity of a Jandarma Post they will move you on, the posts are marked with plenty of white paint, large Turkish flags and soldiers with guns. The coastal posts are usually situated in very picturesque spots and it is very tempting to park/camp near them just for the views.’

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Turkey
The roads in Turkey are of average quality with plenty being upgraded. Take care in road works as upgrading often requires the road surface to be removed and the temporary road can be very rutted and pot-holed. Roads can be very slippery in wet conditions. Some motorways require a toll to be paid. Tolls must be paid via a pre-paid card which can be acquired from a bank or from the booth before you enter the toll motorway. The card costs TL3-5 and it is then loaded with credit. When you enter the toll road use the lane marked ‘KGS’ or ‘Kart’ and swipe your card as you enter and exit. Failing to have enough credit on your card could result in a fine of 11 times the normal toll. Toll lanes marked ‘Nakit’ or ‘Parali’ refers to cash payment, unfortunately these lanes are being removed. More information including prices and instructions can be found at www.kgm.gov.tr, click on KGS, this website is in Turkish but can be translated. If you get a speeding fine in Turkey, they are very keen on using speed guns, paying on the spot reduces the fine by 25 per cent. Drivers of foreign registered motorhomes or campervans have the option of paying the fine when they exit the country, and you cannot exit until you have paid the fine. Fuel is more expensive in Turkey than the UK. LPG is widely available.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in Ukraine
Citizens of the EU (including British citizens) are allowed to enter Ukraine without a visa for a visit of up to 90 days from entering the country. At the border a ecological tax will be charged for your vehicle, the amount payable will depend on the engine power. Ideally visit in the summer, as the Ukraine gets very cold in winter. You must carry your passport at all times for identification; police must identify themselves before requesting to see it. Tourist information is available at www.traveltoukraine.org.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in Ukraine (free wild camping)
There are limited campsites in Ukraine. 18 campsites are listed on http://en.camping.info/ukraine/campsites, although not all have full details. Campsites are likely to be basic with limited facilities. Try to find secure, guarded parking if you cannot find a campsite, hotels or tourist attractions may provide suitable car parks. There are no motorhome stopovers in Ukraine.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Ukraine
Roads may be in poor condition with large pot holes. Other drivers can be erratic. Drive your motorhome or campervan defensively at all times. Invest in maps before you depart as your GPS machine is unlikely to have comprehensive mapping, but even maps are unlikely to have all the roads. Road checks are frequent. If you are involved in an accident leave the vehicle where it is and wait for the police, moving the vehicle may be seen as an offence. Traffic jams are frequently when accidents block the road; accept this as part of driving in the Ukraine. It is advisable that you do not drive at night. LPG is available.

Go Motorhoming and Campervanning in the United Kingdom
The UK is probably the most diverse country in Europe and there is so much to see and do that a lifetime of weekends and holidays can easily be filled. Visiting country houses and historical industrial buildings will give you a good understanding of how the people that shaped the UKs countryside and industry lived. The National Trust, www.thenationaltrust.org.uk, and English Heritage, www.english-heritage.org.uk, members have free access to hundreds of historic buildings and places of interest. You can join at one of the more popular sites so there is no need to take out membership in advance. National Trust members also have access to buildings owned by the National Trust for Scotland www.nts.org.uk The National Trust offers free entry to members of affiliated overseas National Trusts, so bring your membership card if you are a member in: Australia, New Zealand, Barbados, Bermuda, Canada, Jersey, Guernsey, or the Isle of Man.

Camping is practical all year in England and Wales because of the mild climate, but it is best to tour from April to October to avoid dreary winter weather and cold spells. Cornwall, Ireland and Wales are the wettest regions of the UK. Scotland is a bit too cold for winter camping so plan a summer visit. Be warned mosquitoes are a problem.

Campsites, Motorhome Stopovers and Offsite-Parking in the United Kingdom (free wild camping)
There are 2400 campsites in the UK and a wide network of independent campsites are detailed in numerous campsite guides available from www.vicarious-shop.com There are several UK campsite directories online. Unfortunately the UK does not have a network of Motorhome Stopovers but does have about 4000 mini camping farm sites, with pitch fees as low as £3.50 per night. The easy way to gain access to these mini camping sites is to join one of the camping clubs. The Camping and Caravanning Club allows caravans, motorhomes and tents on its campsites. See www.campingandcaravanningclub.co.uk Tel: 02476 475442. Membership gives access to 110 club sites and 1500 certified sites (mini camping). Many of the larger club sites are open to non member visitors, who pay full rate. Annual membership costs £39 and temporary three-month membership is available to foreign nationals for £10. Membership can be taken out at club sites. Members of The Caravan Club can camp in caravans and motorhomes at 200 club sites, including Crystal Palace in London and 2500 small certified locations (mini camping). Annual membership costs £40 and it is possible to join at any club site. See www.caravanclub.co.uk Tel: 01342 326944.

Certified Locations/Sites (CL/CS) are restricted to a maximum of five member caravans/motorhomes per night. These sites are located at farms, pubs and in people’s gardens so you are able to experience true UK culture in otherwise inaccessible areas. Every site offers water and a waste disposal facility, some offer electricity and showers. Information about these locations is provided in the clubs handbooks and on their websites.

There are so few official Motorhome Stopovers in the UK that you could publish information about them on two sides of A4 paper. Visit www.UKmotorhomes.net for a current list. Five hundred pubs allow members of the scheme UK called ‘Motorhome Stopovers’to stop for the night. Membership costs £30 per year and members have access to the pub database on www.motorhomestopover.co.uk. There is another UK scheme called Brit Stops that emulates France passion, see www.britstops.com for details. Although by-laws generally exclude Offsite-Parking, in practice it is possible to Offsite-Park in the UK if you stop late and leave early. Avoid the obvious tourist hot spots and the coast. Pub landlords and farmers will often let you stop for the night if asked nicely. Some Scottish Islands allow Offsite-Parking, but check with the local tourist office first.

Driving your motorhome or campervan in Britain
Britain has some of the busiest roads in Europe and most towns in the Southeast and the Midlands experience rush hour congestion from 8-9am and 5-6pm. Rural counties experience less congestion. The M25 around London can come to a standstill at any time as can the free M6 near Birmingham. Despite local opinion, the roads in the UK are good and most are free to use, apart from toll bridges crossing major estuaries and the M6 toll road around Birmingham. There are about 2000 low bridges in the UK. Bridge heights and road widths are often shown only in feet and inches not metres. Make sure you convert your motorhome or campervan measurements into feet and keep it on display in the cab. Truckers’ maps, showing bridge heights, are available at service stations. Country lanes are narrow and often two-way. Roads in the West Country and Wales can be very narrow and busy during the tourist season; be prepared to use the pull-ins provided or reverse if necessary.
London has both a low emission zone, www.tfl.gov.uk/lezlondon, and a congestion charge, www.tfl.gov.uk/roadusers/congestioncharging. There is no need to drive through London and it is easier, and probably cheaper, to stay overnight outside of the zones and use public transport to get in.

LPG is available in the UK, but not from every fuel station. A map of LPG stations is displayed at www.drivelpg.co.uk/map/index.php.

The Crown Dependencies of Jersey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man
There are three Crown Dependency islands: Jersey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man, none of these islands are part of the EU. Jersey and Guernsey are located off the coast of France. Motorhomes are accepted as long as campsites are pre-booked. Sea crossings must be made with Condor Ferries and motorhomes cannot exceed 7m in length. More information can be found at www.visitguernsey.com and www.jersey.com. The Isle of Man is located between Ireland and Wales and is accessible via ferry from both the UK and Ireland. There are 19 campsites listed on the tourist board website www.visitisleofman.com.

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